{"id":85,"date":"2021-06-20T21:55:49","date_gmt":"2021-06-20T21:55:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/?page_id=85"},"modified":"2024-01-10T14:14:11","modified_gmt":"2024-01-10T14:14:11","slug":"raspberry-pi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/index.php\/raspberry-pi\/","title":{"rendered":"Raspberry Pi"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"85\" class=\"elementor elementor-85\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9d7408a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9d7408a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2bd125\" data-id=\"a2bd125\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e034fef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e034fef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Raspberry PI 4B 8GB 64-bit<br \/>cat \/etc\/os-release <br \/>PRETTY_NAME=&#8221;Debian GNU\/Linux 12 (bookworm)&#8221;<br \/>NAME=&#8221;Debian GNU\/Linux&#8221;<br \/>VERSION_ID=&#8221;12&#8243;<br \/>VERSION=&#8221;12 (bookworm)&#8221;<br \/>VERSION_CODENAME=bookworm<br \/>ID=debian<br \/>HOME_URL=&#8221;https:\/\/www.debian.org\/&#8221;<br \/>SUPPORT_URL=&#8221;https:\/\/www.debian.org\/support&#8221;<br \/>BUG_REPORT_URL=&#8221;https:\/\/bugs.debian.org\/&#8221;<\/p><p>Operating System: Debian GNU\/Linux 12 (bookworm) <br \/>Kernel: Linux 6.6.5-v8+<br \/>Architecture: arm64<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-52676fc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"52676fc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-202c289\" data-id=\"202c289\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71d5cc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71d5cc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">I will be spending more time on gpiozero classes moving forward on my projects.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-86454e5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"86454e5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3bda08b\" data-id=\"3bda08b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6703d78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6703d78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<pre>sudo i2cdetect -y 1<br \/>     0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  a  b  c  d  e  f<br \/>00: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --<br \/>10: -- -- -- -- 14 15 16 17 18 19 1a 1b 1c -- -- -- <br \/>20: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- <br \/>30: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- <br \/>40: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- <br \/>50: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- <br \/>60: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- <br \/>70: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- <\/pre>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-83a387e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"83a387e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0699359\" data-id=\"0699359\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70b1685 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"70b1685\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Raspberry PI 4B 8GB 64-bit<br \/>cat \/etc\/os-release<br \/>PRETTY_NAME=\u201dDebian GNU\/Linux 12 (bookworm)\u201d<br \/>NAME=\u201dDebian GNU\/Linux\u201d<br \/>VERSION_ID=\u201d12\u2033<br \/>VERSION=\u201d12 (bookworm)\u201d<br \/>VERSION_CODENAME=bookworm<br \/>ID=debian<br \/>HOME_URL=\u201dhttps:\/\/www.debian.org\/\u201d<br \/>SUPPORT_URL=\u201dhttps:\/\/www.debian.org\/support\u201d<br \/>BUG_REPORT_URL=\u201dhttps:\/\/bugs.debian.org\/\u201d<\/p><p>Operating System: Debian GNU\/Linux 12 (bookworm)<br \/>Kernel: Linux 6.6.5-v8+<br \/>Architecture: arm64<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8e628b1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8e628b1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9a59847\" data-id=\"9a59847\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1263466 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1263466\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sudo apt update<br \/>Sudo apt full-upgrade\u00a0<\/p><p>This replaces the base kernel 6.1.0-v8+ with 6.6.5-v8+<br \/>The great news is that the Linux kernel maintainers have decided to make Linux 6.6 an LTS branch supported until December 2026<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-33ba3b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"33ba3b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-854f2cc\" data-id=\"854f2cc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4c9a51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a4c9a51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>My first Raspberry Pi device for an amazing project.\u00a0 <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4e68b0f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4e68b0f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2362c27\" data-id=\"2362c27\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5503106 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5503106\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><span class=\"a-list-item\"> Includes Raspberry Pi 4 8GB Model B with 1.5GHz 64-bit quad-core CPU (8GB RAM) <\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"a-list-item\"> 32GB Samsung EVO+ Micro SD Card (Class 10) Pre-loaded with NOOBS, USB MicroSD Card Reader <\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"a-list-item\"> CanaKit Premium High-Gloss Raspberry Pi 4 Case with Integrated Fan Mount, CanaKit Low Noise Bearing System Fan <\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"a-list-item\"> CanaKit 3.5A USB-C Raspberry Pi 4 Power Supply with Noise Filter, Set of Heat Sinks, Micro HDMI to HDMI Cable &#8211; 6 foot (Supports up to 4K 60p) <\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"a-list-item\"> CanaKit USB-C PiSwitch (On\/Off Power Switch for Raspberry Pi 4)<\/span><\/li><li id=\"title\" class=\"a-size-large a-spacing-none\"><span id=\"productTitle\" class=\"a-size-large product-title-word-break\">Kingston High Endurance 128GB MicroSD SDXC Flash Memory Card High Performance, 1080P, Full HD, Up to 95MB\/S Read, (SDCE\/128GB) <\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e32c77d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e32c77d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-766971d\" data-id=\"766971d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0ade83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c0ade83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>I attached the 3 heatsinks and put the fan in the case blowing outwards.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-74f3000 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"74f3000\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-884daa2\" data-id=\"884daa2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12d6370 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src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20150%20150%22%20width%3D%22150%22%20height%3D%22150%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22150%22%20height%3D%22150%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"12d6370\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"20210417_184922\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6OTUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9tYy5zY3NpcmFpZGd1cnUuY29tXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIxXC8wNlwvMjAyMTA0MTdfMTg0OTIyLXNjYWxlZC5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiIxMmQ2MzcwIn0%3D\" href='https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210417_184922-scaled.jpg'><img data-opt-id=1901718092  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:150\/h:150\/q:mauto\/rt:fill\/g:ce\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/20210417_184922-scaled.jpg\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20150%20150%22%20width%3D%22150%22%20height%3D%22150%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22150%22%20height%3D%22150%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d1ba57 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d1ba57\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a7641ed\" data-id=\"a7641ed\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3a29d0f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3a29d0f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1aa54fc\" data-id=\"1aa54fc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d67aa4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3d67aa4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Raspberry Pi 64-bit OS<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-984d65f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"984d65f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/downloads.raspberrypi.org\/raspios_arm64\/images\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-opt-id=1792757622  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:256\/h:256\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry_pi.png\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"256\" height=\"256\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20256%20256%22%20width%3D%22256%22%20height%3D%22256%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22256%22%20height%3D%22256%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-3517\" alt=\"\" old-srcset=\"https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:256\/h:256\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry_pi.png 256w, https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:150\/h:150\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry_pi.png 150w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-27e64f7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"27e64f7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1a57a8b\" data-id=\"1a57a8b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6ed9ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a6ed9ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>I created this chart for the pinout of the Raspberry Pi.\u00a0\u00a0 Center columns are the physical pin numbers.\u00a0\u00a0 First and last columns are the type of pin.\u00a0\u00a0 You see I2C pins 3,5 (I2C-1) for I2C bus between devices and 27,28 (I2C-0) for a HAT.\u00a0\u00a0 You see orange and red pins for 3.3V and 5V. Light orange pins are standard GPIO pins.\u00a0\u00a0 Dark gray are SPI pins.\u00a0 Light Green are UART pins.\u00a0 You have many ground pins.\u00a0 On my T-Cobbler Pro, you have a header pin that connects to the power\/ground on the outer rails of the bread board.\u00a0\u00a0 PCM (Pulse-code Modulation) is a digital representation of sampled analog. On the Raspberry Pi it&#8217;s a form of digital audio output which can be understood by a DAC for high quality sound.\u00a0 Most sites recommend you use the GPIO pins for projects so in the future you have the multipurpose pins like UART available.\u00a0\u00a0 You see in my I2C pages I use I2C-1 pins 3 (GPIO2) and 5 (GPIO3)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d269c89 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d269c89\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-97f6222\" data-id=\"97f6222\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97a8df1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"97a8df1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img data-opt-id=1080466281  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:590\/h:401\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/pinout.jpg\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"590\" height=\"401\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20590%20401%22%20width%3D%22590%22%20height%3D%22401%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%22590%22%20height%3D%22401%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2522\" alt=\"\" old-srcset=\"https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:590\/h:401\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/pinout.jpg 590w, https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:300\/h:204\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/pinout.jpg 300w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b98aceb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b98aceb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ea9064d\" data-id=\"ea9064d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d29de17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d29de17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>I started with Ubuntu 20.04.3 Raspi but it would not support RPi.GPIO on Python 3.8.2.&nbsp;&nbsp; I was able to reinstall with Raspberry Pi 64-bit OS with Kernel 5.10 from May 2021.&nbsp; &nbsp;Now, I am running Bullseye.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-417bb34 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"417bb34\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ead32b\" data-id=\"3ead32b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8ad7d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d8ad7d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\">T-Cobbler Pro and Bi Directional Logic Level Converter<\/p><p>It marks all the ports that are not listed on the Raspberry Pi.\u00a0 One side has 3.3V + ground and the other side 5V + ground. Below are two pictures.\u00a0 The T-Cobbler Pro and the T-Cobbler connected to the Bi-Directional Logic Level Converter.\u00a0<\/p><p>The breadboard in front of the Arduino devices has two +\/- power rails.\u00a0 The one closest to the Arduino device uses blue and yellow wiring.\u00a0 Blue = SCL (Clock)<br \/>Yellow = SDA (Data)<\/p><p>The top +\/- power rail connects the 5V and Ground<br \/>Red = Arduino 5V VCC side (Right)<br \/>Red = Raspberry Pi 3.3V VCC side (Left)<br \/>Green: Ground<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e2ebd9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7e2ebd9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e7d3b40\" data-id=\"e7d3b40\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e96c7d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e96c7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Raspberry Pi\u00a0 is using pins GPIO2 (I2C1 SDA) or Pin 3 for data and GPIO3 (I2C1 SCL) or Pin 5 for Clock.\u00a0\u00a0 You can see more about I2C in its own section.\u00a0 <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b191a37 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b191a37\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d58c1c1\" data-id=\"d58c1c1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bc13e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5bc13e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/20210824_110454-rotated.jpg\" 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old-srcset=\"https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:607\/h:1080\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/20210824_110454-rotated.jpg 1440w, https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:169\/h:300\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/20210824_110454-rotated.jpg 169w, https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:576\/h:1024\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/20210824_110454-rotated.jpg 576w, https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:607\/h:1080\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/20210824_110454-rotated.jpg 768w, https:\/\/mlbxg5wzacc0.i.optimole.com\/cb:FyJ0.12d22\/w:607\/h:1080\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/mc.scsiraidguru.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/20210824_110454-rotated.jpg 864w, 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